Gastritis

Definition :-

Inflammation of the gastritis mucus membrane is called Gastritis.It may occur as a short episode or may be of a long duration.

Types of Gastritis :-

Clinically Gastritis is classified into two types :-

1. Acute Gastritis 
2. Chronic Gastritis

On the basis of histology / endoscopic appearance.Gastritis is classified into three types :-

1. Erosive/Hemorrhagic Gastritis :- Acute
2. Non-Erosive Gastritis :-chronic
3. Specific Gastritis

  Etiology :-

      Most common causes includes :-

• Infection of helicobacter pylori
• NSAID's
• Heavy alcohol drinking

     less common cause includes :-

• Excessive stress
• May develop after major surgery of stomach
• Irritating food/contaminated food

Clinical Features :-

1. Anorexia 
2. Nausea and vomiting
3. Abdominal discomfort
4. Epigastric tenderness
5. Heart burn after eating
6. Belching
7. Frequent hiccough
8. Dehydration
9. Acidic test in mouth.

Diagnosis :-

      Diagnosis made on the basis of :-

• Clinical feature
• Feature of anemia
• upper G.I. endosopy
• Blood test to check H-pylori
• CBC for check the anemia

Medical Management :-

• Antacid :- are a common treatment for mild to moderate gastritis.when antacids do not provide enough relief ,medication such as H2 receptor blocker and proton pump inhibitors are given to client to reduce the amount of acid.
• Antibiotics

Diet management :-

• Blend diet,less spicy.
• prefer liquid food.
• Frequent small meals.

Nursing management :-

• Provide liquid diet to client,the diet should be less spicy and less irritate.
• Provide small and frequent diet.
• Encourage patient to avoid foods and drinks that triggers heart burn.
• Assess the patient for hematemesis.