Raynaud's Disease

                                    Raynaud's Disease

Ranaud diseaseis a condition in which the small arteries and arterioles causing temporarily pallor or cynosis of digits & change in skin temperature.

Etiology :-

the exact cause of Raynaud disease is unknown but believe that some risk factor are responsible this condtion :-

• Hypersensitivity of digital arteries to clot.
• Reduce of serotonin [ Normally release in trauma for vasoconstriction ]
• Congenital predisposition
•  Eating disorder [ Anorexia nervosa ]
• Obstructive disorder

Types :-

1. Primary Raynaud Disease  :- The cause of primary raynaud disease is unknown. It is vasoseptive disorder & rarely lead to impaired tissue perfusion.
2. Secondary Raynaud Disease :- It is associated with connective tissue and collagen vascular disorder such as :-

• Scleroderma  [ hardening of skin]
• Systemic lupus Erythromatus  
• Rheumatoid Arthritis
•  Dermatomycitis [ inflammation of skin]
• Poliomyelitis

Clinical Feature :-

• Palor skin become bluish
• Numbness
• Tingling, sensation
• Burning pain
• Cynosis
• Gangrene formation

{ Note :- Raynaud's phenomena is used to localized intermittent episode of vasoconstriction of small arteries of feet and hand }

Management :-

• Avoid the particular stimuli such as cold , tobacco, drugs, etc.
• keep hand and feet warm and dry.
• Protecting all parts of body from cold, and exposure to prevent reflex, symptomatic vasoconstriction of the digits.
• Exposure to cold must be minimize and the patient remain indoor as much as possible.
• Provide protection with less of cloth , when comes out.
• Hat and gloves should be wore at all the times when outside.